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Old 04-13-2008, 09:05 AM   #1 (permalink)
Arcanine
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Default (生活百科)幾十秒之內就能使車內溫度由55℃降至25℃

夏天裡如果你把車子停在大太陽底下,不消幾個小時,
車內溫度 就會升到55℃,這時候你該怎麼辦?
是打開車窗等個十分鐘呢?
還是發動引擎打開冷氣?

如果你手邊有一罐汽車冷卻劑(instant car cooler),只要打開蓋子,
同車內噴幾秒鐘,一會兒你就可以馬上跳進車子絕塵而去。
這一 罐汽車冷卻劑可以在幾十秒之內就能使車內溫度由55℃降至25℃。

這種汽車冷卻劑到底裝了什麼神奇的東西呢?
說來難以令人置信, 只不過是水及酒精而已。

這個水一酒精的溶液由噴霧罐出來以後就形成細小的水滴,
小水滴 迅速在車內蒸發。

我們知道當液體蒸發時,它的分子必須由附近吸收蒸發熱 (heat ofvaporization),
因此可使周圍空氣迅速降溫。

動物利用排汗來維持體溫,在皮膚上用酒精棉花球塗一U會有清涼的感覺,
都是基於液體蒸發時必須吸熱的道理。

這個發明的構想是一位華人物理學家由他十二歲兒子的身上得來的 。
他的兒子一直拒絕在夏天爬進他們熱得像火爐的車子。
他想起夏天裡一陣雷雨會一掃夏日的悶熱,於是決定仿效大自然利用水來冷卻車子,
他並決定借助酒精來做這件事,因為酒精比水更容易蒸發。

因此他設計了噴霧罐,把水及酒精放在裡面,如果噴嘴大小適當,
便形成細小的水滴立刻蒸發了。

當一克的水在55℃蒸發時,它吸收2.36千焦的熱量,
而蒸發一克的乙醇酒精吸收0.85千焦耳。
市售的汽車冷卻劑含有10﹪的酒精、90﹪的水及極少量的香料。

噴霧罐利用氮氣加壓而不使用氟氯碳化物,以避免破壞大氣中的臭氧層。

這是利用簡單的化學來解決生活大事的一個好例子。

自己做吧!
材料:藥用酒精(乙醇)一瓶、水、帶有手握噴頭的瓶子
方法:將約50cc的藥用酒精,加上450cc的水,裝入瓶中,輕輕搖晃,使其混合即可。
使用:打開車門,將瓶子向車內噴個幾下即可(手握),試試吧。
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